Web Places 2.1
OJJDP PowerPoint presentation "Juvenile Victims."
Annotation: This chapter summarizes what is known about the prevalence and incidence of juvenile victimizations. It answers important questions to assist policymakers, practitioners, researchers, and concerned citizens in developing policies and programs to ensure the safety and well-being of children.
Web Places 2.2
OJJDP PowerPoint presentation
"Juvenile Offenders" .
Annotation: High profile-often very violent-incidents tend to shape public perceptions of juvenile offending. It is important for the public, the media, elected officials, and juvenile justice professionals to have an accurate view of (1) the crimes committed by juveniles, (2) the proportion and characteristics of youth involved in law-violating behaviors, and (3) trends in these behaviors. This understanding can come from studying victim reports, juvenile self-reports of offending behavior, and official records.
Web Places 2.3
OJJDP: Program of Research on the Causes and Correlates of Delinquency.
Annotation: Initiated in 1986, the Program of Research on the Causes and Correlates of Delinquency (Causes and Correlates) is designed to improve the understanding of serious delinquency, violence, and drug use by examining how youth develop within the context of family, school, peers, and community. Causes and Correlates comprises three coordinated longitudinal projects: the Denver Youth Survey, directed by David Huizinga at the University of Colorado; the Pittsburgh Youth Study, directed by Rolf Loeber, Magda Stouthamer-Loeber, and David Farrington at the University of Pittsburgh; and the Rochester Youth Development Study, directed by Terence P. Thornberry at the University at Albany, State University of New York.
Web Places 2.4
OJJDP PowerPoint presentation "Law Enforcement and Juvenile Crime"
Annotation: This chapter describes the volume and characteristics of juvenile crime from law enforcement's perspective. It presents information on the number and offense characteristics of juvenile arrests in 2003 and historical trends in juvenile arrests.
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Chapter 3: Individual Causes
of Delinquency
Web Places 3.1
National Library of Medicine: Antisocial Personality Disorder.
Annotation: Antisocial personality disorder is a psychiatric condition characterized by chronic behavior that manipulates, exploits, or violates the rights of others. This behavior is often criminal. Far more men than women are affected, and unsurprisingly, the condition is common in prison populations.
Web Places 3.2
Society for Research in Psychopathology.
Annotation: The Society for Research in Psychopathology (SRP) was formed following conference in Ithaca, New York in 1985 on positive and negative symptoms in schizophrenia. Attendees at that conference decided that the meeting had been very successful and a valuable exchange of ideas and data among schizophrenia researchers. They all agreed that it would be great to have such a meeting of schizophrenia researchers annually, and thus the organization was born.
Chapter 4: Social Structural
Causes of Delinquency
Web Places 4.1
Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods's (PHDCN) .
Annotation: The Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN) is a large-scale, interdisciplinary study of how families, schools, and neighborhoods affect child and adolescent development. It was designed to advance the understanding of the developmental pathways of both positive and negative human social behaviors.
Chapter 5: Social Process
Theories of
Delinquency
Web Places 5.1
Juvenile Justice Evaluation Center: Serious, Violent, and/or Habitual Offenders.
Annotation: Habitual offenders are of particular concern because they make up the bulk of the juvenile crime population (OJJDP Report to Congress 1999). The research indicates that serious and violent behavior often results from a combination of individual, situational, and community factors.
Web Places 5.2
National Youth Violence Prevention Resource Center (NYVPRC).
Annotation: NYVPRC was established as a central source of information on prevention and intervention programs, publications, research, and statistics on violence by and against juveniles.
Chapter 6: Environmental Influences On Delinquency
Web Places 6.1
Labelling Theories Of Crime .
Annotation: Labeling theorists believe that labeling and reacting to offenders as "criminals" has unanticipated negative consequences, deepening the criminal behavior and making the crime problem worse. A brief history from "Megalinks In Criminal Justice."
Chapter 7: Social Structural
Causes of Delinquency
Web Places 7.1
Center on Juvenile and
Criminal Justice:
"Girls in the Juvenile Justice System."
Annotation: Gender stereotypes dictate the way the system treats girls. Accordingly, there are very few facilities or programs that are designed exclusively for girls. Many girls are still housed in co-ed facilities where they are treated with programs that were developed according to research about boys, (or sometimes about women).
Chapter 8: The Family
and Delinquency
Web Places 8.1
Center on Child Abuse and
Neglect's
Center on Child Abuse and
Neglect (CCAN).
Annotation: CCAN is a university-based, center that directs research, professional and public education, clinical services, and administrative programs in the field of child maltreatment.
Web Places 8.2
Child Welfare League of America.
Annotation: Child Welfare League of America (CWLA) is the nations oldest and largest organization devoted entirely to the well-being of America's vulnerable children, youth and families.
Web Places 8.3
National Center for Missing and Exploited Children.
Annotation: Provides services nationwide for families and professionals in the prevention and response to situations involving abducted, endangered, and sexually exploited children.
Web Places 8.4
Child Welfare Information Gateway.
Annotation: A service of the Children's Bureau, Administration for Children and Families, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Child Welfare Information Gateway provides access to information and resources to help protect children and strengthen families.
Web Places 8.5
U.S. Department of Justice Child Exploitation and Obscenity Section (CEOS).
Annotation: Created in 1987, the mission of the Child Exploitation and Obscenity Section (CEOS) is to protect the welfare of America’s children and communities by enforcing federal criminal statutes relating to the exploitation of children and obscenity.
Web Places 8.6
Institute on Violence, Abuse and Trauma
(Formerly The Family Violence & Sexual Assault Institute).
Annotation: Dedicated to improving the quality of life for individuals on a local, national, and international level by sharing and disseminating vital information, improving networking among professionals, and assisting with program evaluation, consultation, and training that promote violence-free living.
Web Places 8.7
National Center for Children Exposed to Violence (NCCEV).
Annotation: Workks to increase the capacity of individuals and communities to reduce the incidence and impact of violence on children and families; to train and support the professionals who provide intervention and treatment to children and families affected by violence; and, to increase professional and public awareness of the effects of violence on children, families, communities and society.
Chapter 9: The School
and Delinquency
Web Places 9.1
Anti-Bullying Network.
Annotation: Information for young people, parents and teachers on tackling bullying within schools.
Web Places 9.2
Pace Center's Kids Against Bullying.
Annotation: This site was developed to help children in second through sixth grade recognize bullying and respond to it in appropriate, effective ways. It is for all children who are bullied or who witness bullying.
Web Places 9.3
National Education Association School Safety Section.
Annotation: Through its Safe Schools Program, NEA works with other national organizations to advocate for safe schools and communities and to create a positive learning environment for all students. NEA maintains a clearinghouse on school safety, provides technical assistance to affiliates, funds state and local projects, and delivers school safety workshops and training. Among the topics addressed: safe environments, emergency preparedness, community coalitions, and positive school-community relations.
Web Places 9.4
National Youth Violence Prevention Resource Center: "Bullying."
Annotation: In the United States, bullying among children and teenagers has often been dismissed as a normal part of growing up. Little attention has been paid to the devastating effects of bullying, or to the connection between bullying and other forms of violence. In recent years, however, students and adults around the country have begun to make a commitment to stop bullying in their schools and communities.
Chapter 10: Gangs
and Delinquency
Web Places 10.1
National Youth Gang Center.
Annotation: The proliferation of gang problems in large and small cities, suburbs, and even rural areas over the last two decades led to the development of a comprehensive, coordinated response to America's gang problem by the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP). The OJJDP response involves five major components, one of which is the implementation and operation of the National Youth Gang Center (NYGC).
Web Places 10.2
National Gang Crime Research Center's (NGCRC).
Annotation: Formed in 1990, the NGCRC carrues out research on gangs and gang members, disseminates information through publications and reports, and provides training and consulting services.
Web Places 10.3
Mike Carlie's, Into the Abyss:
A Personal Journey Into the World
of Street Gangs.
Annotation: Findings based on years of gang related field research as well as an excellent and comprehensive collection of reference and related resources.
Chapter 11: Drugs
and Delinquency
Web Places 11.1
Mothers Against Drunk Driving
.
Annotation: MADD's mission is to stop drunk driving, support the victims of this violent crime and prevent underage drinking.
Web Places 11.2
National Clearinghouse for Alcohol and Drug Information.
Annotation: A one-stop resource for information about substance abuse prevention and addiction treatment.
Web Places 11.3
Clubdrugs.org.
Annotation:
No club drug is benign. Yet club drugs are being used by young adults at all-night dance parties such as "raves" or "trances," dance clubs, and bars. MDMA (Ecstasy), GHB, Rohypnol, ketamine, methamphetamine, and LSD are some of the club or party drugs gaining popularity. NIDA-supported research has shown that use of club drugs can cause serious health problems and, in some cases, even death. Used in combination with alcohol, these drugs can be even more dangerous.
Web Places 11.4
Office of National Drug
Control Policy.
Annotation: The principal purpose of ONDCP is to establish policies, priorities, and objectives for the Nation's drug control program. The goals of the program are to reduce illicit drug use, manufacturing, and trafficking, drug-related crime and violence, and drug-related health consequences.
Web Places 11.5
Underage Drinking Enforcement Training Center's .
Annotation: The Mission of the Underage Drinking Enforcement Training Center is to build leadership capacity and increase the effectiveness of States and local communities in their efforts to enforce underage drinking laws, prevent underage drinking, and eliminate the devastating consequences associated with alcohol use by underage youth. The Center achieves this goal by providing a wide variety of science-based, practical, and effective training and technical assistance services.
Web Places 11.6
Drug Enforcement Administration's (DEA) .
Annotation: Enforces the controlled substances laws and regulations of the United States and bring to the criminal and civil justice system of the United States, or any other competent jurisdiction, those organizations and principal members of organizations, involved in the growing, manufacture, or distribution of controlled substances appearing in or destined for illicit traffic in the United States; and recommends and supports non-enforcement programs aimed at reducing the availability of illicit controlled substances on the domestic and international markets.
Web Places 11.7
The National Drug Intelligence Center (NDIC).
Annotation:
Established in 1993, the National Drug Intelligence Center (NDIC) is a component of the U.S. Department of Justice and a member of the Intelligence Community. The General Counterdrug Intelligence Plan, signed by the President in February 2000, designated NDIC as the nation's principal center for strategic domestic counterdrug intelligence.
Chapter 12: Prevention,
Diversion, and
Treatment
Web Places 12.1
AfterSchool.gov .
Annotation:
Afterschool.gov is a one-stop website connecting the public, and particularly afterschool providers, to federal resources that support children and youth during out-of-school time. A great range of resources is included on Afterschool.gov, including issues that face America's youth, and information about starting and operating an afterschool program. Afterschool.gov includes resources from a variety of federal agencies, including a searchable database of federal funding sources. While afterschool resources are spread across the Federal government (including HHS, ED, Justice, and others), Afterschool.gov provides a single location for the public to access this information.
Web Places 12.2
National Mentoring Partnership.
Annotation:
An organization that promotes, advocates and is a resource for mentors and mentoring initiatives nationwide.
Web Places 12.3
National Youth Violence Prevention Resource Center.
Annotation:
NYVPRC was established as a central source of information on prevention and intervention programs, publications, research, and statistics on violence by and against children, youth and their families.
Web Places 12.4
National Center for Mental Health and Juvenile Justice .
Annotation:
The National Center for Mental Health and Juvenile Justice was established in July 2001 to assist the field in developing improved policies and programs for youth with mental health disorders in contact with the juvenile justice system, based on the best available research and practice. The Center, which is operated by Policy Research, Inc. in Delmar, NY in partnership with the Council of Juvenile Correctional Administrators (CJCA), is supported by a grant from the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, and operates current projects with funding from the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) and the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). The Center aims at providing a centralized national focal point that pulls together and links the various activities and research that are currently underway, maximizing the awareness and usefulness of new products and learnings, and using the best available knowledge to guide practice and policy.
Chapter 13: The Juvenile
Justice Process
Web Places 13.1
OJJDP PowerPoint presentation"Juvenile Justice System Structure and Process."
Annotation:
Describes the juvenile justice system, focusing on structure and process features that relate to delinquency and status offense matters. (The chapter on victims discusses the handling of child maltreatment matters.) Sections in this chapter provide an overview of the history of juvenile justice in this country, present the significant Supreme Court decisions that have shaped the modern juvenile justice system, and describe case processing in the juvenile justice system. This chapter also summarizes changes made by states with regard to the system's jurisdictional authority, sentencing, corrections programming, confidentiality of records and court hearings, and victim involvement in court hearings. Much of the information was drawn from National Center for Juvenile Justice analyses of juvenile codes in each state.
Web Places 13.2
How the Justice System Responds to Juvenile Victims: A Comprehensive Model (OJJDP 2005).
Annotation: At
This Bulletin introduces the concept of a juvenile victim justice system, identifying the major elements of the system by delineating how cases move through it. The Bulletin reviews each step in the case flow process for child protection and criminal justice systems and describes the interaction of the agencies and individuals involved.
Web Places 13.3
American Bar Association Juvenile Justice Committee.
Annotation:
The Juvenile Justice Committee of the ABA Criminal Justice Section is an active voice in promoting changes in the juvenile justice system. The Committee is an interdisciplinary forum of defenders, judges, prosecutors, corrections staff, law students, and others interested in improving the juvenile justice system for kids, parents, and the professionals who serve them.
Web Places 13.4
Coalition for Juvenile Justice.
Annotation:
CJJ serves as a premier national resource on delinquency prevention and juvenile justice issues. CJJ is based in Washington, DC, yet reaches every U.S. state and territory. Nationwide, more than 1,500 CJJ volunteers from the public and private sectors-professionals, concerned citizens, and advocates for children and families, and youth themselves-participate as members of state advisory groups on juvenile justice.
Web Places 13.5
Juvenile Justice Evaluation Center: Disproportionate Minority Contact (DMC).
Annotation:
OJJDP's DMC Web site is a resource to help States comply with the JJDP Act's DMC requirements and a source of information for all who are interested in understanding and engaged in reducing the extent of DMC.
Chapter 14: The Police and The Juvenile
Web Places 14.1
New York City's Police Athletic League.
Annotation:
The Police Athletic League (PAL) is New York City's largest, nonprofit, independent youth organization. Founded in 1914, PAL serves 70,000 New York City boys and girls each year with recreational, educational, cultural and social programs. PAL is the official youth agency of the New York Police Department.
Chapter 15: The Juvenile Court
Web Places 15.1
OJJDP PowerPoint Presentation:
"Juvenile Offenders in
Court."
Annotation:
Quantifies the flow of cases through the juvenile court system. It documents the nature of, and trends in, cases received and the court's response, and examines gender and race differences.
Web Places 15.2
Annie E. Casey Foundation's
Juvenile Detention Alternatives Initiative(JDAI).
Annotation:
JDAI focuses on the detention component of the juvenile justice system because youth are often unnecessarily or inappropriately detained at great expense, with long-lasting negative consequences for both public safety and youth development. JDAI promotes changes to policies, practices, and programs to reduce reliance on secure confinement, improve public safety, save taxpayers dollars, and to stimulate overall juvenile justice reforms.
Web Places 15.3
The National Institute of Mental Health's Child and Adolescent Mental Health .
Annotation:
Many children have mental health problems that interfere with normal development and functioning. In the U.S. today, one in ten children suffer from a mental disorder severe enough to cause some level of impairment. This site offers specific information on the numerous mental health conditions considered most prevelant among juveniles.
Chapter 16: Juvenile Corrections
Web Places 16.1
OJJDP PowerPoint Presentation
"Juvenile Offenders in
Correctional Facilities."
Annotation:
Describes the population of juveniles detained in and committed to public and private facilities in terms of demographics, offenses, average time in the facility, and facility type. It also includes information on recidivism and descriptions of juveniles reentering the general population after confinement, those held in adult jails and prisons, and those on death row.
Web Places 16.2
Council of Juvenile Correctional Administrators (CJCA).
Annotation:
The Council of Juvenile Correctional Administrators (CJCA) is a national non-profit organization, formed in 1994 to improve local juvenile correctional services, programs and practices so the youths within the systems succeed when they return to the community and to provide national leadership and leadership development for the individuals responsible for the systems. CJCA represents the youth correctional CEOs in 50 states, Puerto Rico and major metropolitan counties.
Web Places 16.3
The Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention's Model Programs Guide (MPG).
Annotation:
Designed to assist practitioners and communities in implementing evidence-based prevention and intervention programs that can make a difference in the lives of children and communities. The MPG database of evidence-based programs covers the entire continuum of youth services from prevention through sanctions to reentry. The MPG can be used to assist juvenile justice practitioners, administrators, and researchers to enhance accountability, ensure public safety, and reduce recidivism. The MPG is an easy-to-use tool that offers the first and only database of scientifically-proven programs across the spectrum of youth services.
Web Places 16.4
The National Juvenile Detention Association.
Annotation:
While NJDA is primarily focused on juvenile detention issues, the Association is committed to improving all facets of juvenile justice through grants and contracts from state and federal agencies. NJDA has a strong collaborative relationship with the following juvenile justice agencies:
Problems with this page? Please tell schmall@justicestudies.com.
Last Modified on January 27, 2007
Copyright 2007 by Frank Schmalleger, Ph.D. and John O. Smylka
All Rights Reserved.
